Core Influencing Factors of Energy Consumption of Electric Forklift in Cold Storage
The impact of the operating environment
The inside of the cold storage is in a low temperature and high humidity environment all year round. Compared with ordinary room temperature warehouses, the battery activity of electric forklifts will decrease to a certain extent, and the energy consumption will be about 15% to 25% higher under the same operating intensity. Long-term start and stop operations in a low temperature environment will also increase the additional energy consumption of the power system. If there is ice and slippery road in the warehouse, the tire friction will decrease, which will further increase the energy consumption level during driving.
Impact of job load
The weight of a single load, the slope of the driving path, and the turning frequency all directly affect the energy consumption. When the load rate reaches more than 80%, the energy consumption per unit operation time is about 40% higher than that of the no-load state. Frequent acceleration and deceleration will further increase the energy consumption level. If the operation path is long and there are many crossing points, the forklift's waiting time for avoidance will increase, which will also generate unnecessary standby energy consumption.
Cost Calculation Method of Multi-shift Operation
Basic energy consumption cost calculation
According to the common three-shift 24-hour operation mode, the average energy consumption of a single electric forklift is about 3.5 to 5 kWh per hour. According to the average price of industrial electricity, the daily basic electricity cost is about 120 yuan to 180 yuan, and the monthly basic electricity cost can reach about 3,600 yuan to 5,400 yuan. If it is a single-shift or double-shift operation, the basic energy consumption cost can be converted in the same proportion as the actual operation time.
Additional loss cost calculation
Multi-shift continuous operation will accelerate the wear and tear of batteries, tires and other wearing parts. The replacement cycle of batteries in low temperature environments will be about 20% shorter than that in normal temperature environments. The monthly depreciation cost of wearing parts is about 800 yuan to 1200 yuan. Coupled with daily maintenance costs, the total monthly operating cost of a single forklift is about 4,400 yuan to 6,600 yuan. If the operation intensity is high, there will be about 10% of the relevant costs.
Recommendations for cost optimization
Operators can reduce energy consumption by rationally planning the operation path, avoiding no-load driving, and regularly maintaining the battery for insulation. They can rationally allocate the use frequency of forklifts according to the peak of the operation to avoid idle equipment and further dilute the unit operating cost. Operators develop the habit of smooth driving, reduce the operation of emergency stops and acceleration, and also reduce energy consumption and wear and tear speed to a certain extent.
